Everything about Henry Ii Of Castile totally explained
Henry II (
January 13,
1334 Sevilla -
May 29,
1379 Santo Domingo de la Calzada), better known as
Henry of Trastámara (
Enrique de Trastámara), 1st Conde de Trastámara, before his coronation, was the illegitimate son of
Alfonso XI of Castile and
Eleanor of Guzmán, half brother to
Peter of Castile. He took the throne after defeating and killing Peter in the
Castilian Civil War (1366–1369).
As head of a band of mercenaries, and with the aid of
Bertrand du Guesclin, he drove Pedro from his throne in 1366. He was, however, defeated the next year at the
Battle of Nájera (Navarette), and Pedro was restored. Henry defeated Pedro at the
Battle of Montiel and then murdered him in 1369. Henry then went to war against
Portugal and
England in the
Hundred Years' War. For most of his reign he'd to fight off the attempts of
John of Gaunt, a son of
Edward III of England, to claim the Castilian throne in right of his second wife, Pedro's daughter.
On
27 July,
1350, Henry married
Juana Manuel, the daughter of
Juan Manuel, Duke of Peñafiel, head of a younger branch of the royal house of Castile. They had three children:
John (1358–1390),
Eleanor (1361–1425), wife of
Charles III of Navarre, and Joanna (1367–1374).
Henry was the first ruler since King
Ergica to use
Anti-Semitism as a political tool in
Spain. This led to an end to the
convivencia, and a period of
riots and
pogroms, and can be seen as sowing the seeds of the persecution of the
Jews by the
Spanish Inquisition, beginning a hundred years later.
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